The Science
Science & ingredients

What goes in, and why

Every ingredient we use is listed below with its form, the serving used in research, and its cautions — including where the evidence is still thin. The label on each product is always the authoritative figure.

Cellular energy

Creatine Monohydrate

Best known for muscle, but the reason it is in a brain range is ATP. Your brain runs on roughly a fifth of your body's energy budget, and creatine helps regenerate the ATP that powers it. The clearest cognitive findings are in people who are sleep-deprived or mentally fatigued, rather than in well-rested adults.

Intended to support
Cellular energy metabolism, cognitive performance under fatigue or sleep loss
Form
Creatine monohydrate
Typical serving
3–5 g daily in published research
Source
Synthesised, vegan
Cautions
Draws water into muscle tissue, especially in the first weeks. Drink adequate fluids. Speak to a clinician if you have kidney concerns.

Find it in Creatine Monohydrate See research

Essential fatty acid

Omega-3 (EPA & DHA)

DHA is a structural fat: it is physically built into neuronal membranes, and the brain holds onto it. EPA plays more of a signalling role. We list both amounts separately rather than quoting total fish oil, because total oil weight tells you almost nothing about what you are getting.

Intended to support
Normal brain function, healthy inflammatory response, eye and heart health
Form
Fish oil, EPA 180 mg + DHA 120 mg per serving
Typical serving
As printed on the label
Source
Marine fish oil, distilled and tested for heavy metals and oxidation
Cautions
May increase bleeding risk alongside anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication. Not suitable with a fish allergy.

Find it in Omega-3 EPA 180mg + DHA 120mg See research

Functional mushroom

Lion's Mane Mushroom

Hericium erinaceus contains hericenones and erinacines, compounds studied for their effect on nerve growth factor. We want to be straight about the evidence here: most of it is preclinical or from small human trials. It is a promising ingredient, not a settled one, and we would rather say that than imply more.

Intended to support
Traditionally used for cognitive support; human evidence is still limited
Form
Fruiting body extract
Typical serving
500–1,000 mg daily in published trials
Source
Cultivated Hericium erinaceus
Cautions
Avoid if you have a mushroom allergy. Human safety data beyond a few months is limited.

Find it in Lion's Mane Mushroom See research

Adaptogen

Ashwagandha

An adaptogen with a genuinely reasonable body of human trials behind it, mostly on perceived stress and cortisol. Its relevance to a brain range is indirect but real: chronic stress is hard on attention and memory, so reducing the load matters.

Intended to support
Stress response, sleep quality, which in turn support focus
Form
Root extract, standardised to withanolides
Typical serving
300–600 mg daily in published trials
Source
Withania somnifera root
Cautions
Avoid in pregnancy. May interact with thyroid, sedative and immunosuppressant medication. Discontinue before surgery.

Find it in Ashwagandha Plus See research

Botanical

Curcumin (Turmeric)

Curcumin is the active fraction of turmeric, and on its own it is absorbed poorly enough that plain turmeric powder is close to useless as a supplement. The formulation is the whole point: an enhanced-absorption form is what makes the dose meaningful.

Intended to support
Healthy inflammatory response, antioxidant capacity
Form
Standardised curcuminoids with an absorption enhancer
Typical serving
500–1,000 mg curcuminoids daily in published trials
Source
Curcuma longa rhizome
Cautions
May increase bleeding risk with anticoagulants and can interact with some medications. May aggravate gallbladder conditions.

Find it in Platinum Turmeric See research

Mitochondrial support

Coenzyme Q10

CoQ10 sits in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which is where cells actually produce energy. Natural levels decline with age and are lowered by statin therapy — the two reasons it appears most often in formulas aimed at people over forty.

Intended to support
Mitochondrial energy production, antioxidant capacity
Form
Ubiquinone
Typical serving
100–200 mg daily in published trials
Source
Yeast fermentation
Cautions
May reduce the effectiveness of warfarin. Fat-soluble, so take with a meal containing fat.

Find it in CoQ10 Ubiquinone See research

Common questions

How do you verify what's in each batch?

We work with manufacturing partners that follow Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and maintain quality systems covering material specifications, batch checks, and traceability.

Why are servings shown as ranges?

The ranges on this page describe the amounts used in published research, so you can compare them against what you're taking. The exact amount in any given product is printed on that product's label, which is always the authoritative figure.

Some ingredients sound less certain than others. Why include them?

Because the evidence genuinely varies, and flattening that out would be misleading. Creatine and omega-3 have substantial human data behind them. Lion's mane is promising but mostly preclinical. We'd rather label the difference than write around it.

Why is your language about benefits so measured?

We describe what ingredients are intended to support rather than promising outcomes. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration, and these products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Should I speak to a healthcare professional first?

Yes—particularly if you are pregnant or nursing, taking prescription medication, or managing a health condition. Several ingredients on this page interact with common medications. Supplements complement a balanced diet; they don't replace medical advice.

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